FOUNDATIONS OF DESIGN
By Randy Blasquez
The design will determine whether or
not your painting will succeed. This is
why I believe that design in the most important element in any painting. We
will look at how to design using thumbnail sketches and by identifying big
patterns.
There are two main elements to
consider. One is the focal point and the other is the dark
and light pattern within your painting.
FOCAL POINT
The main focus in a painting is usually
found at the focal point. This is the “anchor” in your composition. This is
where the viewers eye goes, and in a well designed painting, will return to
again and again.
What makes a focal point work? You
don’t want another area in your painting to distract from the focal point.
Therefore, as the designer you will need to take steps to insure that your
central focal point will be more eye catching than anything else in your
painting.
You will want to momentarily lure the viewer’s
eye to other areas of the painting, but you must always lead them back to the
focal point. I loved the way C.W. Mundy said it when I was in his workshop a
couple of years ago. “You are the leader of the band, and you get to decide who
plays the lead”.
WAYS TO THE FOCAL POINT
Value
Use your lightest light directly next
to your darkest dark to bring the eye to the focal area.
Color
By using contrasting color, bright
chromatic and dull color, or color temperature vibrations you may bring the eye
to the central focus.
Edges
By using sharper edges at the focal
point is another way to bring the eye directly to your focal point.
*It is always a good idea to place your
focal point in the golden area.
DARK/LIGHT PATTERN
Another important aspect of composition
is the dark and light contrast that will be the foundation of your design.
The dark and light pattern in a design
is an arrangement that will create a lyrical quality of beauty in your
painting. This is something that the student will learn to see and appreciate
over time, but it is well worth the effort to learn.
This concept started to become clear to
me while studying the idea of using a notan sketch to design a painting using a
thumbnail drawing. I think I first heard
the word notan while reading through some Barry John Raybould material through
the Virtual Art Academy. The only other
artist that I know to use this word to describe dark/light pattern is Peggy
Kroll Roberts.
Barry John Raybould puts it this way,
“Notan is the harmonious arrangement of the dark and light masses in a
picture”.
THE ONE RULE OF COMPOSITION
When I took a workshop with Carol
Marine many years ago she mentioned a book that I was already familiar with. “The Simple Secret to Better Painting” How
to immediately Improve Your Work with the One Rule of Composition”, by Greg Albert.
What artist could resist that title? It
was very good, and I took away from it the following:
Never make any two intervals the same
in your painting. So when I design a
painting I always look for differences of space. This will make your painting
feel more dynamic.
Space must be divided un-equally.
Shapes must be different in size and
dimension.
No two areas in your painting should be
equal in distance or length.
Create variety by looking for the big
differences in the size of your subjects within your painting.
Vary the amount of value to make sure
one of them is dominant. Carol Marine says to make three values unevenly
divided by using the dominant value, the secondary value and the “smidge”. Your
eye will tend to go toward the smidge.
Use a variety of brush strokes and
texture. Some areas should be transparent, others opaque, some thin and others
thick. You get the idea.
Vary your use of color temperature. Put
warm and cool together in such a way as to create vibration and intensity.
Use color compliments and split
compliments in the same manner as the values of a lot, a little, and a smidge.
Some reading material
to help you understand more about Compositon:
Composition
Understanding Line,
Notan and Color by Arthur Wesley Dow
Composition of Outdoor Painting by Edgar Payne
Carlson Guide to Landscape Painting by John E. Carlson